1 , marking the original stone
Mainly for rough diamonds for the correct evaluation , based on the intended purpose on the diamond design , cutting and grinding processing division by marking the implementation of the diamond cutting and grinding process with a special pen marks. Mark is the first diamond cutting and grinding process , which is part of the whole process Cutting the most important work , it
Direct impact on the economic benefits of the diamond cutting and grinding process , but also affect the degree of perfection of the final finished diamonds , so people who do the work must have a solid gemological expertise , practical experience and proficient in processing technology. His ultimate goal is to create the largest and most dry
Net , the most perfect form of polished diamonds , and create the greatest economic benefit .
2 , split the original stone
For various reasons , the need for rough segmentation. Dividing the original stone is also a very important job , wax injection machine it also directly affects the quality of the finished diamond , and ultimately affect the value of the finished diamond . Important factors dividing the original stone need to consider are: the form of rough diamonds
Shaped , diamond internal defects , twins and crystallographic characteristics. For example, the shape is octahedral diamonds , usually using the original stone truncated method also said to be part of the original range of sawn stone . This will gain greater business value. In a 6 carat rough example, if the original stone by a truncated
After the split , a large portion of the bottom weight of approximately 4 carats, about the top weight of 2 carats, is likely to show a finished weight of 2 carats, a heavy one karat . If the way to split equally by the waist , the two parts of the original stone weighs 3 carats, still produced a 50% rate, will get two approximately 1.5
Carat finished , apparently using the commercial value obtained by the first approach will be even greater .
3 , coarse
Coarse grinding is a process for forming the rough diamond processing , which is a cutting or cutting and grinding process , the process is similar to a lathe machining of wood or metal . Diamond kibble process is: First, back grinding diamond stuck on a jig and fixture mounted on the rough mill card
The other one caught in the act of cutting jig . Operator with a long-handled clamp arm , when rough diamond grinding drive rotates , so that two diamond ground into contact with each other mutual -type handle .
4 , polishing
Polishing is the process of implementing a series of coarse diamond forming process and its final product toss ground . The main components are disc polishing equipment , clamps , clips mouth. Polishing is a highly technical performance of the technology , you need to understand some of the diamond cutting and grinding work process , and the need to enrich
Experience.
Diamond jewelry processing
One of the main features of the diamond is worn to decorate people’s lives , to wear , to be made into jewelry. Thus wax injection machine manufacture diamond jewelry should be part of the entire diamond processing extremely important part . Diamond jewelry processing has the following two kinds of basic methods
:
4.3.1 hand-made method to process
Hand -made law process is the most primitive method of manufacturing diamond jewelry is the most basic processing steps , either casting or forging method , have to be hand -made jewelry for the mold . So the master in hand-made jewelry processing plant is often the highest level of technology . Diamond jewelry hand -made fajitas
The basic process engineering are:
( 1 ) Preparation: get a complete processing division in jewelry design drawings , the first thing you want to interpret drawings , jewelry designer to understand the design intent , analysis of the overall structure and diamonds and other jewelry making methods . On this basis , prepare materials for processing, adjustment processing facilities
Equipment.
( 2 ) sub- parts processing : According to the results of structural analysis , according to the principle of giving priority to take big , the whole jewelry is divided into several independent components, and then follow the weight of each component , thickness, width , thickness, length of preparation of metallic materials , the use of tablet machine, wire drawing machine, nest anvil , pit iron
, Playing Golden Hammer , pliers and other tools , through compression , layering, wire drawing , cutting, and other craft goldsmith , made the basic shape of each component ; and more accurate element file , pliers and other tools forming process . According to the way diamond jewelry inlaid , first vice- processing good Lord Stone and stone inlay mouth
.
( 3 ) flattened shape : shape according to the design pattern in the sludge blanket placed processed fragmented elements to note the overall coordination and high and low level , which for the expression of a perfect design requirements can be very important. After the whole gracefully, with a good pre- deployment poured gypsum slurry
Being stuck in the rubber jewelry prototype , when the plaster dry, remove the rubber cement, then the entire front of the jewelry will be strong stereotypes gypsum.
( 4 ) Integer welding : first in the plaster on the bottom bracket to clean out the joints jewelry surface , ready to move from high to low temperature of several metal welding, flux with borax to do with the wind the ball - oiler - fire blowing constructed welding tool , according to the first big small order , followed by welding on . Wash hair jewelry welding embryo
Gypsum powder , with a low temperature metal welding, soldering tiny elements . Pay attention to the reality check solder joints and can make short compared to the completion of welding , to keep clean the joints .
( 5 ) Fine Treatment: After soldering jewelry Although the basic shape , but quite rough , need to use the file , sand , paper, leather wheel and other tools , wax injection machine be fine smoothing, removing all excess weld , filing marks. If the file does not go trachoma exist, need to use
Fire weld it repaired . Do this procedure , you must quickly and accurately , avoiding the original joints disengaged.
( 6 ) diamonds : Diamonds are the center -piece of diamond jewelry , so the whole process from design to processing diamonds should be put first. First select the appropriate mosaic way, using cranes, fine file , pliers , tweezers, wooden clamps and other tools , after stone -type observations , precious stones
Placement , positioning inlay mouth , put the stone reinforcement, completed diamonds processes. When the first deputy general mosaic stone, after the main stone , beads and then use suction to play a round or melon with a rubber tire to edging lighting .
( 7 ) washing polishing : polishing to improve the surface finish of the metal . There are tools commonly used grinding machine , brush, wax on the green and yellow cloth round red wax on white wheels .
( 8 ) post-processing : the processing of making diamond jewelry , diamond jewelry often locally attached metal plating color metal layer ( such as 18K gold plating , etc. ) in order to achieve new artistic effect. In addition, as an industrial product, the factory also print on diamond jewelry factory standard ,
Metal purity and diamond weight and other parameters to be considered to complete the whole process of making diamond jewelry.
4.3.2 casting process
Casting method is currently more popular precious metal diamond studded jewelry processing methods. This method of processing steps are as follows :
( 1 ) from the board : namely the use of a method of manufacturing a hand-made jewelry model , and in its proper position welding guide to ensure a smooth liquid metal poured into the outlet when casting rod, as the casting model . In some cases, the technique used directly embossed carving wax original method for manufacturing a jewelry
Shape , called a wax board.
( 2 ) adhesive, wax injection machine : raw rubber sheet with a plastic template folder in which the jewelry , stuffed a raw film preselected aluminum box , and to be filled with pieces of film to suppress a model using a hot press ( 150 ℃ ±) pressed in rubber 30-60 minutes , then use a scalpel , according to a
Technical rules will cut the film set , remove the jewelry on a model made of the so-called plastic mold . Coupled with vacuum casting machine wax (70-90 ℃ ,1-1 .2 × 105Pa) will be injected into the molten wax plastic mold , carefully removed from the mold after cooling gel hardened , became the so-called wax .
Will flash on the wax removed, and customer requirements modified after opening laps , planted in a prepared wax rod , turn from one direction on a number of kinds of jewelry wax mold to form a wax tree. The smaller species of trees at the top , on the bottom and the coarser tree species should be at a 45 ° angle of the left
Right in order to ensure smooth liquid metal poured into all the areas.
( 3 ) casting : the first wax tree weighed , fixed cast cage , 1:40 proportionally labor gypsum powder and water, stir with a uniform , put on a vacuum machine vacuum pumping about 90 seconds , remove and poured cast cage, carefully remove the vacuum pulls out after about 90 seconds . After about 2 hours to plaster solidified
, And then after 1-2 hours of steaming wax , it can be cast into the cage oven baked plaster , wax injection machine after about six hours to complete the process of gradual warming baked gypsum , plaster mold is made .
The next step will be mending metal materials in molten gold furnace heating, when the alloy is completely melted and stir well after the Goldwater plaster cast to a vacuum or centrifugal casting machine , the cooling after the jewelry made of rough .
( 4 ) they die , fried gold : they die means to be well into the rough jewelry repair processes ; while fried gold is the metal jewelry after they die decontamination process highlighted . Two processes are essential for the processing of diamond jewelry .
( 5 ) insets and post- treatment: After fried golden , hand-made by the same process insets, polishing, cleaning a drill blank looks and inconspicuous, must be carefully Cutting, processing , will be our used to see the shimmering diamonds. Therefore, the diamond turner , straight
Indirectly affect the value of the diamond, described in detail later . The best course is to keep the diamond cutting effect maximum weight to minimize defects and to demonstrate the beauty of the diamond , so the diamond brilliant. The cutting process generally comprises the following steps :
Mark ( crossed ) : This is the first step in diamond cutting , the first test drill blanks , and mark on the diamond surface , the person doing the work has a wealth of experience and proficient in processing technology. The ultimate aim is to create the largest , cleanest , most perfect diamond to diamond as high as possible reflect
Value. Liner should note two points: that we should try to keep the maximum weight , but also to minimize the inclusions. Research on the use of a magnifying glass liner rough diamond structure , if it is large diamonds , this work may have to last for several months , for ordinary drill blanks need a few minutes. But
, Regardless of how small drill blanks , every diamond to go through a detailed inspection to make the right judgments .
Liner with Indian ink on rough diamond draw the mark , showing the rough diamonds to be divided along this line. Usually crossed along the natural grain direction as diamonds .
Split the original stone : Includes split cutting and sawing .
Cut split : split cut division will draw a good line of rough diamonds placed in sets of shelves , and then another diamond cut a notch along the dividing line , then square dent on the knife edge , hammer in hand split the knife struck an appropriate force , the diamond will be split in half or more blocks along the grain direction .
Sawing : Most diamonds are not suitable split , then the need to use cutting open , as only diamond can cut diamond , it is one at the edge of the blade is coated with diamond powder and lubricants phosphor bronze discs . Diamonds fixed on the clamps, saws disc rotates at high speed , you can be a diamond saw .
Modern laser technology into the diamond cutting , greatly improving the processing efficiency of the rough diamond .
Forming: sawn or split and then sent to play a round diamond sector to play a round , forming, in accordance with the design requirements that will be made of round diamonds , heart-shaped , oval, pointed embrace , Emerald cut flower and other common , or other special shapes. Because diamond is by far the humans recognize
The hardest natural material, so that only a diamond can be polished diamonds , but because of the hardness of diamond is slightly different in each direction . So to build on the experience , grasp the basic form of diamond grinding : a tripartite body , octahedron, dodecahedron and crystal properties. General approach is to drill blanks high
Speed rotary lathe , and then use the other arm of the rotating rod diamond drill blanks round fight .
From the flap, polished : On a diamond powder -coated cast iron disc and lubricants , car grind all the flap surface ( facet ) , issued by wax injection machine so alluring diamond brilliance. Grinding process is usually first made eight Omo at the bottom , and then do 16 facets. Plus tip at the end , a total of 25 engraved
Face , correct the error correction , and thus extends the triangular facets , kite facets face and waist , a total of 33 facets , so a total of 58 round diamonds facets , if not the end of the tip facet then a total of 57 facets. Not every single drill blanks must pass all five processes, which
Subject to rough diamond ’s own characteristics , the objectives to be achieved given , such as the aforementioned " flat " rough diamond cutting may not hack this procedure , and if the process is not subject to the emerald diamond " play a round " process . However, any rough diamonds , prescribe procedures is essential, which
Is the " dash ", " from the flap, polished ." Valve face a cut diamond produced by Seiko , the position and angle are calculated by precise , so the maximum brilliance of diamonds emit . Thus, cutting the world’s hardest gems - diamonds, not only requires advanced equipment ,
Teachers need to cut more from the rich experience, high sense of responsibility and concentrate, to release all of the spiritual color diamonds . Diamond jewelry counter a possible genetic traveled through many countries, through the hands of several people , through processing, assembling , production before becoming a diamond jewelry.